Although the association of HDP and risk for kidney disease long-term has been established in homogenous populations, few studies have evaluated this association in the early period (within the first 5 years‚ postdelivery)‚ in diverse populations. They were also unable to investigate the effect of prepregnancy hypertension on ESKD although Wang et al considered postpregnancy hypertension during the follow-up period. The aforementioned studies were limited by the inclusion of homogeneous populations that did not include women of minority groups. 14 The United States nested case-control study that included largely White women (37/44 ESKD cases, 87/88 controls) as well as 7/44 ESRD non-White cases and 1/88 non-White controls adjusted for race but was unable to compare potential racial differences. In addition to the above mentioned studies by Vikse and Wu et al, the meta-analysis included a retrospective cohort study conducted in Denmark among all woman with one or more livebirth or stillbirth between 19 (n=1 072 330) with an average of 18.6 person years of follow-up 13 and a Canadian retrospective cohort study of women with hospital deliveries (n=1 598 043) that had a median follow-up for women with HDP of 185 months and 194 months for those without HDP. 12 Preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension (aRR, 44.72 ) and gestational hypertension (aRR, 3.64 ) were also related to ESKD with findings based on only one study each. The authors reported associations of preeclampsia with the risk of maternal ESKD based on 5 studies (pooled adjusted risk ratio, 4.90 ), and with the risk of CKD based on three studies (aRR, 2.11 ). 8Ī recent meta-analysis by Barrett et al 12 involving 4 cohort studies and one case-control study assessed the association of HDP and maternal chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESKD. Women with up to 3 pregnancies were followed even longer by a Norwegian study with 17☙ years mean (±SD) follow-up after the initial singleton birth between 19. 8–10 Women with and without HDP were followed for the development of ESKD a mean of 6.3 years 10 and a maximum of 11 years (median, 9 years), 11 respectively, by 2 Taiwanese studies. 3–7 Several studies have also demonstrated an association between HDP and end stage kidney disease (ESKD).

1, 2 HDP have been associated with maternal mortality and morbidity, including end organ damage. Prepregnancy hypertension incidence is estimated to be 3% to 5% whereas up to 10% of pregnancies are impacted by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) including preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and chronic hypertension. Customer Service and Ordering Information.

Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology.Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA).Circ: Cardiovascular Quality & Outcomes.Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB).

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